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Varicocele Embolization
A minimally invasive, outpatient treatment for varicocele that relieves pain and may improve fertility—without surgical incisions. Most patients go home the same day, usually about 1 hour after the procedure.

What is a varicocele?
A varicocele is an enlargement of veins within the scrotum (similar to varicose veins in the leg). It can cause a heavy or aching sensation, visible or palpable veins, and may affect fertility by altering testicular temperature and blood flow.
- Pain, heaviness, or discomfort
- Cosmetic concern from enlarged veins
- Abnormal semen parameters and impaired fertility potential
Embolization treats the problem from the inside using a catheter and imaging guidance—no surgical incision, and recovery is quick.
Same-day procedure with discharge usually ~1 hour after completion; most patients resume light activity the next day.
How the procedure works
Through a tiny puncture (often the neck vein), a thin catheter is guided to the gonadal vein and the refluxing veins are mapped.
Coils or plugs are placed to close abnormal veins and redirect blood into healthy pathways.
Same-day discharge (usually ~1 hour). Most patients return to normal activity within 24 hours.
Benefits of embolization
- Relieves pain and heaviness from varicocele
- May improve semen parameters and fertility potential
- Lower complication rate vs. surgical varicocelectomy
- Same-day procedure and rapid recovery
Effectiveness
Varicocele embolization is a proven, durable treatment with high technical success and symptom relief. Many patients also see improvement in semen parameters as part of a comprehensive fertility plan.
- Technical success in the vast majority of cases
- Rapid return to non-strenuous activity (often next day)
- Follow-up tailored to symptoms and fertility goals
Risks
Complications are uncommon. Potential risks include a small risk of infection or bleeding at the access site, temporary discomfort in the abdomen or groin, and rare recurrence if new veins develop.
- We review medications (including blood thinners) before your procedure
- Clear after-care instructions with direct contact for any concerns
Who is a candidate?
- Painful or symptomatic varicocele
- Infertility associated with abnormal semen parameters
- Recurrent varicocele after prior surgery
FAQ
Ready to discuss varicocele embolization?
Dr. Michael J. Drabkin is among the highest-volume interventional radiologists in the United States for embolization procedures, with extensive experience across prostate, uterine, and varicocele treatments.